| Top 30 urban agglomeration GDP rankings in 2008 and illustrative projections to 2025 (using UN definitions and population estimates) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank in 2008 | Cities ranked by estimated 2008 GDP at PPPs | Est. GDP in 2008 ($bn at PPPs) | Rank in 2025 | Cities ranked by projected 2025 GDP at PPPs | Est. GDP in 2025($bn at 2008 PPPs) | Real GDP growth rate (% pa: 2009-2025) |
| 1 | Tokyo | 1479 | 1 | Tokyo | 1981 | 1.7% |
| 2 | New York | 1406 | 2 | New York | 1915 | 1.8% |
| 3 | Los Angeles | 792 | 3 | Los Angeles | 1036 | 1.6% |
| 4 | Chicago | 574 | 4 | London | 821 | 2.2% |
| 5 | London | 565 | 5 | Chicago | 817 | 2.1% |
| 6 | Paris | 564 | 6 | Sao Paulo | 782 | 4.2% |
| 7 | Osaka/Kobe | 417 | 7 | Mexico City | 745 | 3.9% |
| 8 | Mexico City | 390 | 8 | Paris | 741 | 1.6% |
| 9 | Philadelphia | 388 | 9 | Shanghai | 692 | 6.6% |
| 10 | Sao Paulo | 388 | 10 | Buenos Aires | 651 | 3.5% |
| 11 | Washington DC | 375 | 11 | Mumbai (Bombay) | 594 | 6.3% |
| 12 | Boston | 363 | 12 | Moscow | 546 | 3.2% |
| 13 | Buenos Aires | 362 | 13 | Philadelphia | 518 | 1.7% |
| 14 | Dallas/Fort Worth | 338 | 14 | Hong Kong | 506 | 2.7% |
| 15 | Moscow | 321 | 15 | Washington DC | 504 | 1.8% |
| 16 | Hong Kong | 320 | 16 | Osaka/Kobe | 500 | 1.1% |
| 17 | Atlanta | 304 | 17 | Beijing | 499 | 6.7% |
| 18 | San Francisco/Oakland | 301 | 18 | Boston | 488 | 1.8% |
| 19 | Houston | 297 | 19 | Delhi | 482 | 6.4% |
| 20 | Miami | 292 | 20 | Dallas/Fort Worth | 454 | 1.8% |
| 21 | Seoul | 291 | 21 | Guangzhou | 438 | 6.8% |
| 22 | Toronto | 253 | 22 | Seoul | 431 | 2.3% |
| 23 | Detroit | 253 | 23 | Atlanta | 412 | 1.8% |
| 24 | Seattle | 235 | 24 | Rio de Janeiro | 407 | 4.2% |
| 25 | Shanghai | 233 | 25 | San Francisco/Oakland | 406 | 1.8% |
| 26 | Madrid | 230 | 26 | Houston | 400 | 1.8% |
| 27 | Singapore | 215 | 27 | Miami | 390 | 1.7% |
| 28 | Sydney | 213 | 28 | Istanbul | 367 | 4.2% |
| 29 | Mumbai (Bombay) | 209 | 29 | Toronto | 352 | 2.0% |
| 30 | Rio de Janeiro | 201 | 30 | Cairo | 330 | 5.0% |
GDP＾＾？ PPP＾＾？
| Top 30 urban agglomeration GDP rankings in 2008 and illustrative projections to 2025 (using UN definitions and population estimates) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rank in 2008 | Cities ranked by estimated 2008 GDP at PPPs | Est. GDP in 2008 ($bn at PPPs) | Rank in 2025 | Cities ranked by projected 2025 GDP at PPPs | Est. GDP in 2025($bn at 2008 PPPs) | Real GDP growth rate (% pa: 2009-2025) |
| 1 | Tokyo | 1479 | 1 | Tokyo | 1981 | 1.7% |
| 2 | New York | 1406 | 2 | New York | 1915 | 1.8% |
| 3 | Los Angeles | 792 | 3 | Los Angeles | 1036 | 1.6% |
| 4 | Chicago | 574 | 4 | London | 821 | 2.2% |
| 5 | London | 565 | 5 | Chicago | 817 | 2.1% |
| 6 | Paris | 564 | 6 | Sao Paulo | 782 | 4.2% |
| 7 | Osaka/Kobe | 417 | 7 | Mexico City | 745 | 3.9% |
| 8 | Mexico City | 390 | 8 | Paris | 741 | 1.6% |
| 9 | Philadelphia | 388 | 9 | Shanghai | 692 | 6.6% |
| 10 | Sao Paulo | 388 | 10 | Buenos Aires | 651 | 3.5% |
| 11 | Washington DC | 375 | 11 | Mumbai (Bombay) | 594 | 6.3% |
| 12 | Boston | 363 | 12 | Moscow | 546 | 3.2% |
| 13 | Buenos Aires | 362 | 13 | Philadelphia | 518 | 1.7% |
| 14 | Dallas/Fort Worth | 338 | 14 | Hong Kong | 506 | 2.7% |
| 15 | Moscow | 321 | 15 | Washington DC | 504 | 1.8% |
| 16 | Hong Kong | 320 | 16 | Osaka/Kobe | 500 | 1.1% |
| 17 | Atlanta | 304 | 17 | Beijing | 499 | 6.7% |
| 18 | San Francisco/Oakland | 301 | 18 | Boston | 488 | 1.8% |
| 19 | Houston | 297 | 19 | Delhi | 482 | 6.4% |
| 20 | Miami | 292 | 20 | Dallas/Fort Worth | 454 | 1.8% |
| 21 | Seoul | 291 | 21 | Guangzhou | 438 | 6.8% |
| 22 | Toronto | 253 | 22 | Seoul | 431 | 2.3% |
| 23 | Detroit | 253 | 23 | Atlanta | 412 | 1.8% |
| 24 | Seattle | 235 | 24 | Rio de Janeiro | 407 | 4.2% |
| 25 | Shanghai | 233 | 25 | San Francisco/Oakland | 406 | 1.8% |
| 26 | Madrid | 230 | 26 | Houston | 400 | 1.8% |
| 27 | Singapore | 215 | 27 | Miami | 390 | 1.7% |
| 28 | Sydney | 213 | 28 | Istanbul | 367 | 4.2% |
| 29 | Mumbai (Bombay) | 209 | 29 | Toronto | 352 | 2.0% |
| 30 | Rio de Janeiro | 201 | 30 | Cairo | 330 | 5.0% |